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Magnesium oxide

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Magnesium oxide, or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium.
Formula: MgO
Molar mass: 40.3044 g/mol
IUPAC ID: Magnesium oxide
Melting point: 2,852 °C
Density: 3.58 g/cm³
Boiling point: 3,600 °C

Magnesia or magnesium oxide is an alkaline earth metal oxide. The majority of magnesium oxide produced today is obtained from the calcination of naturally occurring minerals. Magnesite, MgCO3, being the most common.
Both MgCO3 and Mg(OH)2 are converted to MgO by calcination. The thermal treatment of the calcination process affects the surface area and pore size and hence the reactivity of magnesium oxide formed. The source largely determines the level and nature of impurities present in the calcined material.
Caustic calcined magnesia is formed by calcining in the range 700 – 1000°C. By calcining in the range 1000 – 1500°C the magnesium oxide is used where lower chemical activity is required e.g. fertiliser and animal feed.
Dead-burned magnesia, which is produced in shaft and rotary kilns at temperatures over 1500°C, has reduced chemical reactivity therefore is more suited to refractory applications. Fused magnesia is used for a variety of refractory and electrical applications. This type of magnesia is produced in an electric arc furnace from caustic calcined magnesia at temperatures in excess of 2650°C
Key Properties
There are few dense engineering ceramics of the structural type made from pure magnesia. However there is a wide range of refractory and electrical applications where magnesia is firmly established. The properties of major interest are as follows:
Good Refractoriness
Good Corrosion Resistance e.g. Basic Steelmaking Slags, Sodium Hydroxide, Fe, Co, Ni
High Thermal Conductivity
Low Electrical Conductivity
Transparency to Infrared

Applications
Magnesium Oxide in Animal Food Supplements
Magnesium is an essential nutrient for all animals, serving a variety of vital functions within the body PPM magnesium oxide, a granular, high purity feed grade magnesium oxide processed from natural magnesite, is an excellent source of magnesium for cattle consuming low-magnesium forages.
Inadequate magnesium in the diets of grazing animals can cause a serious metabolic disorder known as “Grass Tetany.” The rapid growth rate of grass in Spring means that pastures are often lacking in magnesium. Young grass is higher in simple carbohydrates and protein, but lower in most minerals. Grass tetany occurs when the level of magnesium in blood falls below a critical threshold. Providing a palatable magnesium supplement with high biological availability is an effective strategy for maintaining magnesium requirements of grazing animals.
In dairy cattle, magnesium also helps raise the butter fat content of the milk and neutralizes acidosis caused by high amounts of grain in their diet.
The balance of magnesium performs an important role in utilization of calcium, which is released from bone into the bloodstream. As with calcium, magnesium is classified as a macro mineral, which means that it is required by the body in reasonably large quantities. Magnesium is also important in converting sugars into energy.

Refractories
Magnesia is widely used in the steel industry as a refractory brick. It is often impregnated with carbon (tar, pitch, graphite) to provide the best properties for corrosion resistance in environments of basic slags, particularly in BOF furnaces or slag lines of treatment ladles.

Magnesia bricks often in combination with spinel or chrome are also used in ferroalloy, non-ferrous, glass and cement industries. Castables and sprayables based on magnesia are widely used for basic refractory linings for steel transfer applications. The lime to silica ratio present in the magnesia has a major influence on its properties.

Cements
Magnesia (or Sorel) cement is a refractory binder based on a magnesium oxychloride formulation. It is fast-hardening and has a number of refractory and general repair applications. Magnesia is also used as a room temperature curing agent for phosphate cements.

Heating Elements
Magnesia powder is widely used as a filling for electrical heating elements for applications in contact with air or liquids.

Fused magnesia has the ideal combination of electrical resistance and thermal conductivity. The MgO forms a layer between the element and the outer sheath. It is also used as mineral insulation in cables.

Brake Linings
Magnesia has been included in brake linings due to its thermomechanical properties. Its intermediate hardness gives sufficiently low wear on metal while conducting heat from the friction contact surfaces.



Blogs

Magnesium sulfate or magnesium sulphate

12/25/2018

Magnesium sulfate or magnesium sulphate

Magnesium sulfate (or magnesium sulphate) is an inorganic salt (chemical compound) containing magnesium, sulfur and oxygen, with the formula MgSO4. It is often encountered as the heptahydrate sulfate mineral epsomite (MgSO4·7H2O), commonly called Epsom salt, taking its name from a bitter saline spring in Epsom in Surrey, England, where the salt was produced from the springs that arise where the porous chalk of the North Downs meets non-porous London clay. The monohydrate, MgSO4·H2O is found as the mineral kieserite. The overall global annual usage in the mid-1970s of the monohydrate more ...
Our Product Heavy Element Content

12/25/2018

Our Product Heavy Element Content

Heavy elements as toxic elements for animals and plants in magnesium carbonate and oxide have to be very low in content and our products overcome the standard factors! more ...
Table analysis of products for livestock and poultry

12/25/2018

Table analysis of products for livestock and poultry

According to specific conditions for livestock and poultry feed market, different magnetite products are classified for different applications which are presented on attached table.
Due to low levels of heavy metals in our products (see Table attached), we are proud of supplying a wide range of Livestock and Poultry feed market and with supplementation of a high standard, homogeneity and stable conditions. more ...
Magnesite

5/24/2018

Magnesite

Magnesite is a mineral with the chemical formula MgCO3 (magnesium carbonate). Mixed crystals of iron(II) carbonate and magnesite (mixed crystals known as ankerite) possess a layered structure: monolayers of carbonate groups alternate with magnesium monolayers as well as iron(II) carbonate monolayersManganese, cobalt and nickel may also occur in small amounts.
Occurrence
Magnesite occurs as veins in and an alteration product of ultramafic rocks, serpentinite and other magnesium rich rock types in both contact and regional metamorphic terrains. These magnesites often are cryp more ...
Magnesite Applications

5/24/2018

Magnesite Applications

Magnesite occurs as veins in and an alteration product of ultramafic rocks, serpentinite and other magnesium rich rock types in both contact and regional metamorphic terrains. These magnesites often are cryptocrystalline and contain silica in the form of opal or chert.

Magnesite is also present within the regolith above ultramafic rocks as a secondary carbonate within soil and subsoil, where it is deposited as a consequence of dissolution of magnesium-bearing minerals by carbon dioxide within groundwaters.

Similar to the production of lime, magnesite can be burn more ...
Heavy element

5/24/2018

Heavy element

Heavy element content
Considering the specific requirements of defining the products for the livestock and poultry market after consulting the technical and commerce section of the annex for this market was designed
Given the low amounts of heavy metals in products Appendix Table we are proud to provide the market for animal feed and complementary products with a high standard of production uniformity


Our two best-selling products in Animal Feeding market include magnesium carbonate PPM-25 and magnesium oxide CCM PPM-45 whose analysis of heavy elements is more ...
Magnetite Deposits

5/24/2018

Magnetite Deposits

Magnetite is relatively frequent as a mineral, there are, however, only two types of economically important deposits:
The worlds largest reserves are found in deposits of the Veirsch type. These are strata-bound lensoid and nearly monomineralic bodies consisting of coarsely crystalline ,,spar,, magnesite hosted by marine platform sediments. Conspicuous are sedimentary and diagenetic features of the magnesite bearing suites, which indicate formation within a subtidal, evaporitic environment closely associated with sabkhas, mudbars or other inter- to supratidal highs. The coarse c more ...
Magnesium oxide

5/24/2018

Magnesium oxide

Magnesium oxide, or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium.
Formula: MgO
Molar mass: 40.3044 g/mol
IUPAC ID: Magnesium oxide
Melting point: 2,852 °C
Density: 3.58 g/cm³
Boiling point: 3,600 °C

Magnesia or magnesium oxide is an alkaline earth metal oxide. The majority of magnesium oxide produced today is obtained from the calcination of naturally occurring minerals. Magnesite, MgCO3, being the most common.
Both MgCO3 and Mg(OH)2 are converted to MgO by calcination. T more ...
Links for Each Magnesia Application

4/3/2018

Links for Each Magnesia Application

Agricultural

http://blog.magspecialties.com/category/applications/agricultural/

Electric Grade Steel

http://blog.magspecialties.com/category/applications/electric-grade-steel/

Electric Utilities

http://blog.magspecialties.com/category/applications/electric-utilities/

Flame Retardant / Smoke Suppressant

http://blog.magspecialties.com/category/applications/flame-retardant-s more ...
Wastewater Treatment

4/3/2018

Wastewater Treatment

Magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide can both be used in various ways for the treatment of wastewater

In order to repel the unpleasant odor from waste water its main sources H2S and ammonia must be eliminated. This can be achieved by the introduction of MgO in the system with a buffer solution of 9-9,5 pH prohibiting in this way the formation of H2S.
Corrosion of the utilities networks or Struvite tanks is also attributed to the formation of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) alkaline magnesium reagents can help in their protection either with continuous addition magnes more ...
Magnesium Oxide in Animal Feed Supplements

4/3/2018

Magnesium Oxide in Animal Feed Supplements

Magnesium is an essential nutrient for all animals, serving a variety of vital functions within the body. Inadequate magnesium in the diets of grazing animals can cause a serious metabolic disorder known as “Grass Tetany.” The rapid growth rate of grass in Spring means that pastures are often lacking in magnesium. Young grass is higher in simple carbohydrates and protein, but lower in most minerals. Grass tetany occurs when the level of magnesium in blood falls below a critical threshold. Providing a palatable magnesium supplement with high biological availability is an effective more ...